What field of study focuses on how normal physiological processes are impacted by diseases?

The field of study that focuses on how normal physiological processes are impacted by diseases is pathophysiology. This discipline specifically examines the functional changes that occur in the body as a result of a disease or pathological condition. It bridges the gap between basic biological sciences and clinical practice by explaining how various diseases disrupt normal body functions and the mechanisms behind these changes.

Understanding pathophysiology is essential for healthcare professionals, including EMTs, as it provides insights into the signs and symptoms of diseases, the progression of illness, and the rationale behind treatment interventions. This knowledge helps first responders make informed decisions when assessing and managing patients in emergency situations.

Other fields, while related to health and biology, do not focus on the disease-related alterations in physiology. Anatomy studies the structure of the body, histology examines the microscopic anatomy of tissues, and microbiology deals with microorganisms and their effects on living organisms, but none of these disciplines specifically address how diseases disrupt normal physiological processes like pathophysiology does.